The transmission efficiency and security of 5G network are higher, which is difficult to achieve by traditional 2G, 3G and 4G network technologies. After the arrival of the information age, people have put forward higher and higher network transmission volume and transmission rate. It is precisely because of this demand for network technology that the development of 5G technology in my country is stimulated. In recent years, my country’s 5G technology has developed rapidly. In order to promote the full coverage of 5G networks, the number of 5G base stations has increased dramatically. However, due to the particularity of the construction of 5G base stations, many equipment and facilities are accompanied by large power consumption when the base station is running. It is difficult to achieve the energy saving target of the base station. Therefore, power consumption control in 5G base stations is particularly important.

1 The advantages and characteristics of 5G network technology

With the increasing progress of information technology, 5G network technology has become a key technology in the field of information and communication, and has improved the structure of my country’s communication network. Compared with traditional information and communication network technology, the emergence of 5G network technology conforms to the development characteristics and requirements of the information age, and has outstanding technical advantages.

1.1 5G network technology is an inevitable demand for the development of the times

5G technology is a technological product of the information age. The promotion of 5G technology is in line with the development requirements of the times. Especially in the current construction of smart cities, 5G technology is an indispensable technology. Through 5G network technology, communication is no longer limited to people, but can also be realized between people and things, things and things, especially after the formation of the Internet of Things, information transmission and exchange are more convenient, breaking through the traditional technical limitations.

1.2 5G network technology has advantages

The traditional network technology has great technical limitations, while the 5G technology has a large amount of data transmission and high speed, and the energy consumption generated in the process of data transmission is very small. It is because of this that 5G in production and life. The application of technology can provide people with a better network experience, which not only improves the application value of the network system, but also saves network resources.

2 Analysis of practical problems faced by 5G base station construction

2.1 5G base station related equipment is heavy

At present, my country’s 5G network is not fully covered, and most of it is still dominated by 4G networks. Compared with 4G base stations, 5G base stations are equipped with larger-scale and more powerful equipment in order to meet the network coverage requirements. According to the current construction of 5G base stations in my country, AUU equipment is an important component. The weight of this equipment reaches about 40kg, while the weight of AUU equipment in 4G base stations is only 15kg. In addition, the weight of the CU/DU equipment in the 5G base station far exceeds the weight of the same equipment in the 4G base station. It is precisely because of the large size and heavy weight of various equipment in the base station that attention should be paid to energy consumption management in the design and operation of the base station.

2.2 The energy consumption of 5G base station construction is higher

The energy consumption in the construction and operation of 5G base stations is relatively high. According to the current construction status of 5G base stations in my country, we analyze the A, B, and C CU/DU co-location and AUU equipment provided by different equipment providers. The typical power consumption of the co-location is generally kept in the range of 315-900W, while the typical function of the CU/DU co-location of the 4G base station is kept at about 145W. Therefore, among the energy consumption of the CU/DU co-location, the energy consumption of the 5G base station is far greater than that of the 5G base station. It is higher than the energy consumption of 4G base stations [2]. Similarly, in the AUU equipment, the equipment energy consumption of the 5G base station is also high, which is maintained between 700 and 1000W during the entire operation process. Therefore, in the construction of 5G base stations in my country, the energy consumption of equipment is several times or even dozens of times that of 4G base stations.

2.3 Increased cost of 5G base station construction

5G technology is more advanced, and it is precisely because of this that in the construction of 5G base stations, in order to meet its service needs, it is often necessary to increase investment in technology, equipment, etc., which also increases the construction costs of 5G base stations. For example, in the construction of some 5G base stations, in order to improve the function of the base station, it is generally necessary to increase the transmission efficiency by adding fiber cores. It is also necessary to simultaneously equip high-performance iron towers, and do a good job in the transformation of external power and other supporting equipment and facilities. 5G base station construction The total amount of capital investment is relatively large.